Радиобиология

Раздел 8

В пункт 8.10

Приложение 4

Минимально значимые удельная активность (МЗУА) и активность в помещении

или на рабочем месте (МЗА)

———————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

| Нуклиды | МЗУА, Бк/г | МЗА, Бк |

|——————————————————————————|————————————————————|———————————————————————|

| Н-3 | 1 Е+06 | 1 Е+09 |

| Ве-7 | 1 Е+03 | 1 Е+07 |

| С-14 | 1 Е+04 | 1 Е+07 |

| О-15 | 1 Е+02 | 1 Е+09 |

| F-18 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Na-22 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Na-24 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Si-31 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| P-32 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| P-33 | 1 E+05 | 1 E+08 |

| S-35 | 1 E+05 | 1 E+08 |

| Cl-36 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+06 |

| Cl-38 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ar-37 | 1 E+06 | 1 E+08 |

| Ar-41 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| K-40 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| K-42 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| K-43 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Ca-45 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Ca-47 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Sc-46 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Sc-47 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Sc-48 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| V-48 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Cr-51 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Mn-51 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Mn-52 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Mn-52m | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Mn-53 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+09 |

| Mn-54 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Mn-56 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Fe-52 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Fe-55 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+06 |

| Fe-59 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-55 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-56 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Сo-57 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-58 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-58m | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Co-60 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Co-60m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-61 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Co-62m | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ni-59 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+08 |

| Ni-63 | 1 E+05 | 1 E+08 |

| Ni-65 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Cu-64 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Zn-65 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Zn-69 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+06 |

| Zn-69m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ga-72 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ga-71 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+08 |

| As-73 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| As-74 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| As-76 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| As-77 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Se-75 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Br-82 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Kr-74 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| Kr-76 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| Kr-77 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| Kr-79 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| Kr-81 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Kr-83m | 1 E+05 | 1 E+12 |

| Kr-85 | 1 E+05 | 1 E+04 |

| Kr-85m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+10 |

| Kr-87 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| Kr-88 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+09 |

| Rb-86 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Sr-85 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Sr-85m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Sr-87m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Sr-89 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Sr-90* | 1 E+02 | 1 E+04 |

| Sr-91 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Sr-92 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Y-90 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| Y-91 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Y-91m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Y-92 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Y-93 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Zr-93* | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Zr-95 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Zr-97* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Nb-93m | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Nb-94 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Nb-95 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Nb-97 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Nb-98 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Mo-90 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Mo-93 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+08 |

| Mo-99 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Mo-101 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Tc-96 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Tc-96m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Tc-97 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+08 |

| Tc-97m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Tc-99 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Tc-99m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Ru-97 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Ru-103 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ru-105 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Ru-106* | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Rh-103m | 1 E+04 | 1 E+08 |

| Rh-105 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Pd-103 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+08 |

| Pd-109 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Ag-105 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ag-110m | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Ag-111 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Cd-109 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+06 |

| Cd-115 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Cd-115m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| In-111 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| In-113m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| In-114m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| In-115m | 1 E+06 | 1 E+06 |

| Sn-113 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Sn-125 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Sb-122 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+04 |

| Sb-124 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Sb-125 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Te-123m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Te-125m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Te-127 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Te-127m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Te-129 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Te-129m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Te-131 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Te-131m | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Te-132 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Te-133 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Te-133m | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Te-134 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| I-123 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| I-125 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| I-126 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| I-129 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| I-130 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| I-131 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| I-132 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| I-133 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| I-134 | 1 E+01 | 1 Е+05 |

| I-135 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Xe-131m | 1 E+04 | 1 E+04 |

| Xe-133 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+04 |

| Xe-135 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+10 |

| Cs-129 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Cs-131 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Cs-132 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Cs-134m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| Cs-134 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cs-135 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Cs-136 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Cs-137* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cs-138 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Ba-131 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ba-140* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| La-140 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ce-139 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ce-141 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Ce-143 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ce-144* | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Pr-142 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Pr-143 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+06 |

| Nb-147 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Nb-149 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Pm-147 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Pm-149 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Sm-151 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+08 |

| Sm-153 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Eu-152 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Eu-152m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Eu-154 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Eu-155 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Gd-153 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Gd-159 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Tb-160 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Dy-165 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Dy-166 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Ho-166 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| Er-169 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Er-171 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Tm-170 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Tm-171 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+08 |

| Yb-175 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Lu-177 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Hf-181 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Ta-182 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| W-181 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| W-185 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| W-187 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Re-186 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Re-188 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Os-185 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Os-191 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Os-191m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Os-193 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ir-190 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Ir-192 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Ir-194 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Pt-191 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Pt-193m | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Pt-197 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Pt-197m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Au-198 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Au-199 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Hg-197 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Hg197m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Hg-203 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Tl-200 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Tl-201 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Tl-202 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Tl-204 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+04 |

| Pb-203 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Pb-210* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Pb-212* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Bi-206 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Bi-207 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Bi-210 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Bi-212* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Po-203 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Po-205 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Po-207 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Po-210 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| At-211 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Rn-220* | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Rn-222* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+08 |

| Ra-223* | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Ra-224* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ra-225 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Ra-226* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Ra-227 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Ra-228* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| Ac-228 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Th-226* | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Th-227 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Th-228* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Th-229* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Th-230 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Th-231 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Th-природный (включая| 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Th-232) | | |

| Th-234* | 1 E+03 | 1 E+05 |

| Pa-230 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Pa-231 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Pa-233 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| U-230* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+05 |

| U-231 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| U-232* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| U-233 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| U-234 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| U-235* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| U-236 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| U-237 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| U-238* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| U-природный | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| U-239 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| U-240 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| U-240* | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Np-237* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Np-239 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Np-240 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+06 |

| Pu-234 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Pu-235 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+07 |

| Pu-236 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Pu-237 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Pu-238 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Pu-239 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Pu-240 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Pu-241 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Pu-242 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Pu-243 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+07 |

| Pu-244 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Am-241 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Am-242 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Am-242m* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Am-243* | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Cm-242 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Cm-243 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Cm-244 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cm-245 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Cm-246 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Cm-247 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+04 |

| Cm-248 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Bk-249 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Cf-246 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

| Cf-248 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cf-249 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Cf-250 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cf-251 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Cf-252 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Cf-253 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Cf-254 | 1 E+00 | 1 E+03 |

| Es-253 | 1 E+02 | 1 E+05 |

| Es-254 | 1 E+01 | 1 E+04 |

| Es-254m | 1 E+02 | 1 E+06 |

| Fm-254 | 1 E+04 | 1 E+07 |

| Fm-255 | 1 E+03 | 1 E+06 |

Примечание: * Перечисленные ниже материнские радионуклиды приведены в условиях их равновесия с дочерними:

Sr-90 Y-90

Zr-93 Nb-93m

Zr-97 Nb-97

Ru-106 Rh 106

Cs-137 Ba-137m

Ba-140 La-140

Ce-134 La-134

Ce-144 Pr-144

Pb-210 Bi-210, Po-210

Pb-212 Bi-212, Tl-208 (0.36), Po-212 (0.64)

Bi-212 Ti-208 (0.36), Po-212 (0.64)

Rn-220 Po-216

Rn-222 Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214, Po-214

Ra-223 Rn-219, Po-215, Pb-211, Bi-211, Tl-207

Ra-224 Rn-220, Po-216, Pb-212, Bi-212, Tl-208 (0.36),

Po-212 (0.64)

Ra-226 Rn-222, Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214, Po-214, Pb-210,

Bi-210, Po-210

Ra-228 Aс-228

Th-226 Ra-222, Rn-218, Po-214

Th-228 Ra-224, Rn 220, Po-216, Pb-212, Bi-212, Tl-208 (0.36),

Po-212 (0.64)

Th-229 Ra-225, Ac-225, Fr-221, At-217, Bi-213, Po-213, Pb-209

Th-природный Ra-228, Ac-228, Th-228, Ra-224, Rn-220, Po-216,

Pb-212,

Bi-212, Tl-208 (0.36), Po-212 (0.64)

Th-234 Pa-234m

U-230 Th-226, Ra-222, Rn-218, Po-214

U-232 Th-228, Ra-224, Rn-220, Po-216, Pb-212, Bi-212, Tl-208

(0.36), Po-212 (0.64)

U-235 Th-231

U-238 Th-234, Pa-234m

U-природный Th-234, Pa-234m, U-234, Th-230, Ra-226, Rn-222,

Po-218, Pb-214, Bi-214, Po-214, Pb-210, Bi-210, Po-210

U-240 Np-240m

Np-237 Pa-233

Am-242m Am-242

Am-243 Np-239

При уровнях активности, меньше приведенных в таблице, эффективная индивидуальная годовая доза облучения лиц из персонала и населения не превысит 10 мкЗв и в аварийных случаях 1 мЗв, а коллективная эффективная доза - 1 чел.-Зв при любых условиях использования. Эквивалентная доза на кожу не превысит 50 мЗв/год.

Природные радионуклиды оценивались при их попадании в потребительские товары из техногенных источников (например, Ra-226, Ро-210) или по их химической токсичности (для тория, урана и др.).

Если присутствует несколько нуклидов, то сумма отношений активности к их табличным значениям не должна превышать единицу. Приведенные в таблице радионуклиды в зависимости от минимально значимой суммарной активности (МЗА) делятся на 4 группы радиационной опасности:

А - 1 х 10(3) Бк;

Б - 1 х 10(4) и 1 х 10(5) Бк;

В - 1 х 10(6) и 1 х 10(7) Бк;

Г - 1 х 10(8) и 1 х 10(9) Бк; а также Кr-83m, Kr-85m, и Хе-135m.